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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*orface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"red-brown (of a horse)face="Times New Roman Star"каштаново-гнедой (о масти лошади)
face="Times New Roman Star"or (MK, IM)









face="Times New Roman Star"or 'grey'

face="Times New Roman Star"or 'blackish piebald'



face="Times New Roman Star"or
face="Times New Roman Star"ur-g|ujan 'заяц-русак'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 192-193, VEWT 364.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KEbelface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a well-bred fast horseface="Times New Roman Star"благородная быстрая лошадь
face="Times New Roman Star"kevel, kevil (MK, KB)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 689.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kypy-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sense, invention, cleverness 2 to invent, think offace="Times New Roman Star"1 смысл, изобретательность, ум 2 выдумывать









face="Times New Roman Star"xyby-
face="Times New Roman Star"qyby-
face="Times New Roman Star"xъw|bъw|l 'dexterous'face="Times New Roman Star"kyp 'dexterously'


face="Times New Roman Star"qybac?y 'experienced person'








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 260.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ap-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to plaster 2 eye pus 3 to puncture (a tumour, furuncle)face="Times New Roman Star"1 мазать, залеплять, обмазывать 2 глазной гной 3 прокалывать (опухоль, нарыв)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"c?apak 2

face="Times New Roman Star"c?api- 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap-li- 1, c?apaq 2






face="Times New Roman Star"s/op- 'заворачивать пирог'

face="Times New Roman Star"s?ap- 'to pour water and stamp (ground)'(?)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap-ta- 1, c?abaq-ta- 3face="Times New Roman Star"s?abaq-ta- 3


face="Times New Roman Star"c?apaq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?abaq-s?a-la- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"(aq) c?ap- 'to blanch, pipeclay'face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 99, EDT 394, Ашм. XII, 248. Turk. > Hung. csipa 'eye pus' (<*c?apag|), see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEbreface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 corpse 2 to die (of animals)face="Times New Roman Star"1 труп 2 дохнуть (о животных)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vre 'carrion' (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"geber-, (dial.) gevre- 2




face="Times New Roman Star"ga"ba"r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"go"vre 1

face="Times New Roman Star"qavraj- 'истлевать, тлеть' (Ашм. 6, 19) (?)










face="Times New Roman Star"geber- 2face="Times New Roman Star"geber- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 244, EDT 690, ЭСТЯ 3, 36. The root is confused here with *ge:p- 'to swell (of belly), become pregnant' (with which it indeed contaminates in Oghuz languages).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"mbe, -lekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"mushroomface="Times New Roman Star"гриб

face="Times New Roman Star"go"melek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"go"mbe|



face="Times New Roman Star"go"ba"la"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"melek



face="Times New Roman Star"kъw|mba






face="Times New Roman Star"go"mbe|





face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 101 (Chuv. is hardly < Old Russian, which already had guba, not go,ba).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"te(re)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bog, marshface="Times New Roman Star"болото


face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ter, ko"te| (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"ko"dre
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"dre








face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ter (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 154-155.
face="Times New Roman Star"*kep(i)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to dry out 2 to extinguish, disappearface="Times New Roman Star"1 высыхать 2 исчезать, пропадать
face="Times New Roman Star"kepi- ( ? kebi-) (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"kip- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ke|p- 1, ke|bi- (dial.) 2


face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 1




face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 'to pound, demolish'face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 'to push'face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 1face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 1face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 1face="Times New Roman Star"kip- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"kep- 1, kebi- 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 687, ЭСТЯ 5, 45-46, Stachowski 145 (but the Yak. and Dolg. forms hardly to *ge:b- 'chew').
face="Times New Roman Star"*Katar-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to turn (a horse) back, preventing it from going; to turn (the enemy) back 2 to drive, pursue 3 to pasture 4 to keep watch 5 to waitface="Times New Roman Star"1 поворачивать (лошадь) вспять; обращать врага в бегство 2 гнать, преследовать 3 пасти 4 наблюдать 5 ждать
face="Times New Roman Star"qatar- (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"katarla-, katala- (dial.) 2






face="Times New Roman Star"xadar- 3,4,5face="Times New Roman Star"qadar- 3,4,5face="Times New Roman Star"qadar- 3,4,5



face="Times New Roman Star"qadar- 3,4,5










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 604, ЭСТЯ 5, 337.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bud-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to freeze 2 to be sad, sorryface="Times New Roman Star"1 замерзать 2 грустить, тосковать
face="Times New Roman Star"bud|- (MK) 'to die of cold'face="Times New Roman Star"buj-, bij-, bu"j-, bujux- (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"bojyq- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"buj-g|ur- 1, bujug| 'cold' (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"byj-, bujux- (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"buj- 1face="Times New Roman Star"puzux- 2





face="Times New Roman Star"bu:q- 2 (borrowed?)
face="Times New Roman Star"bujuq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"bujyq- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bojoq- 2face="Times New Roman Star"bujuq- 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"bujuq- 1; 'дремать'
face="Times New Roman Star"bujuq- 'сжиматься от холода или испуга'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 298, ЭСТЯ 2, 242-243.
face="Times New Roman Star"*b(i)a>kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bad, evilface="Times New Roman Star"плохой, дурной, негодный











face="Times New Roman Star"bag|aj

face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ajy 'fool, monster'
face="Times New Roman Star"ba'qface="Times New Roman Star"ba'q









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 57.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?a:rba- (*c?a:rma-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 squirrel 2 sable, martenface="Times New Roman Star"1 белка 2 соболь, куница









face="Times New Roman Star"sarbax 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?arbaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?yrbyq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"sa:rba 2












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 100, 403. A regional Siberian root.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEc?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of flowerface="Times New Roman Star"вид цветка








face="Times New Roman Star"gec?emz?|ek 'ластовень острый', gec?igec?i 'пастушья сумка'.



face="Times New Roman Star"kъc?kъ 'catkins, aglets, flower buds' ( > Mari kic?ke 'willow buds'?)



face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?u"k 'catkins, aglets, flower buds'








face="Times New Roman Star"Федотов 1, 264. Not quite secure, since the root is (folk-etymologically?) contaminated either with gec?e 'goat' or with *gu":c?u"k 'puppy'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAt-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"winter ryeface="Times New Roman Star"озимая рожь









face="Times New Roman Star"c?adyg| 'bush' (Sag.)face="Times New Roman Star"jadyg|an (Верб.)face="Times New Roman Star"d/adag|an



face="Times New Roman Star"c?adag| 'low plant'










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 177.
face="Times New Roman Star"*do"le-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tranquil, sedate, quietface="Times New Roman Star"спокойный, тихий, мирный
face="Times New Roman Star"to"lek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"do"le-k, do"len-

face="Times New Roman Star"to"lek (Chag.)







face="Times New Roman Star"tu"lek













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 498, VEWT 504.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAryl/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wolfface="Times New Roman Star"волк

face="Times New Roman Star"kas?kyr, dial. kas?g|yr 'a bear'

face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qe|s?qir, dial. qe|rs?iqul







face="Times New Roman Star"kas?kъr < Qypch.



face="Times New Roman Star"qarys?qyrface="Times New Roman Star"qasqyrface="Times New Roman Star"qarysqyr, qasqyr


face="Times New Roman Star"qas?qyrface="Times New Roman Star"qasqyr

face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 160., ЭСТЯ 5, 352.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ton|a (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tigerface="Times New Roman Star"тигрface="Times New Roman Star"ton|a (Orkh.) 'a military title', (OUygh.) 'hero'face="Times New Roman Star"ton|a (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 515 (with some doubts about the original meaning of the word).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?u"keface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sterletface="Times New Roman Star"стерлядь


face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"ke|, dial. (КСТТ) c?u"ka"









face="Times New Roman Star"s/ъw|ga






face="Times New Roman Star"so"ga"





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 121, Федотов 2, 152. A local Volga region word; cf. however Turkm. c?u"j balyk 'pike', lit. 'nail-fish' - which may be a reanalysis of the original root.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Epejface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"baked breadface="Times New Roman Star"печеный хлеб


face="Times New Roman Star"ipi

















face="Times New Roman Star"a"pa"j





face="Times New Roman Star"Forms like epmek may belong here but contaminated with *etmek (v. sub *ite).
face="Times New Roman Star"*sinc?o"k ( ? -e-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 ankle-bone 2 shin-boneface="Times New Roman Star"1 лодыжка 2 голень

face="Times New Roman Star"sinz?|ik 1 (dial.)











face="Times New Roman Star"su"nju"o"x 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"nc?u"k 'hip joint'face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"n|z?|u"k 'hip joint'


face="Times New Roman Star"sensek (dial.) 2





face="Times New Roman Star"Дыбо 1989 (but not < Perm.).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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